Georges Seurat (1859–1891) was a pioneering French painter and the founder of Neo-Impressionism, renowned for developing a highly systematic approach to color that became known as Pointillism. He applied small, detached strokes of contrasting hues to capture the optical effects of light and atmosphere while achieving a visual harmony. Trained at the École des Beaux-Arts, Seurat distinguished himself through an unusually intellectual approach to painting, drawing on contemporary theories of color, perception, and aesthetics to construct carefully ordered compositions.

Seurat was associated with avant-garde circles in Paris, participating in the formation of the Société des Artistes Indépendants, which helped to advance new directions in modern art outside the constraints of the official Salon. Though his career was brief, his unique method and emphasis on structure led to a lasting influence on Post-Impressionist painting and the development of modern art.